【线上云德】疫情期间律师说（一百一十三）┃套牌车情形下发生交通事故的举证责任分配

机动车套牌现象屡见不鲜。套牌车发生交通事故，被套牌机动车所有人与套牌机动车所有人均无法证明交通事故发生时，其机动车不在现场，此时，应当如何处理？

The phenomenon of motor vehicle license plates is not uncommon. When a traffic accident occurs in a license plate vehicle, if the owner of the license plate motor vehicle and the license plate motor vehicle cannot prove that the traffic accident occurred, the motor vehicle is not on the scene. What should be done at this time?

一种处理方法是由套牌机动车所有人或者管理人与被套牌机动车所有人或者管理人对被侵权人的损失承担按份责任；另一种处理方法则更进一步保护被侵权人合法权益，让套牌机动车所有人或者管理人与被套牌机动车所有人或者管理人对被侵权人的损失承担连带责任。

但这两种做法对被套牌机动车所有人或者管理人都有所不公。因为在大多数情形下，被套牌机动车所有人或者管理人因不知其车被套牌而主观上没有过错，而套牌机动车所有人则是实施恶意套牌行为，主观过错明显。因此，在双方都无法证明其机动车不在事故现场的情形下，让被套牌机动车所有人承担与套牌机动车所有人一样的法律后果，即意味着同样的法律评价。显然，这种不区分主观过错而进行同一评价的做法违反了“同样情况同样处理，不同情况不同处理”的适用原则。

因此，在此情形下，可将证明责任分配给套牌机动车所有人或者管理人，如果其不能举证证明该损害后果是由被套牌机动车所有人或者管理人造成，则应对被侵权人承担赔偿责任。

One treatment method is that the owner or manager of the license plate motor vehicle and the owner or manager of the license plate motor bear the share responsibility for the loss of the infringed person; the other treatment method further protects the legitimate rights and interests of the infringed person. , Let the owner or manager of the licensed motor vehicle and the owner or manager of the licensed motor vehicle bear joint liability for the loss of the infringed person.

But these two practices are unfair to the owner or manager of the motorized vehicle. Because in most cases, the owner or manager of the motorized vehicle has no subjective fault because he did not know that his vehicle was licensed, while the owner of the motorized vehicle has committed a malicious licensing behavior, and the subjective error is obvious. Therefore, in a situation where neither party can prove that their motor vehicle is not at the scene of the accident, letting the owner of the licensed motor vehicle bear the same legal consequences as the owner of the licensed motor vehicle means the same legal evaluation. Obviously, this practice of making the same evaluation without distinguishing between subjective faults violates the applicable principle of "same treatment in the same situation, different treatment in different situations".

Therefore, in this case, the burden of proof can be assigned to the owner or manager of the license plate motor vehicle. If it cannot prove that the damage is caused by the owner or manager of the license plate motor vehicle, the infringer should be liable Liability.

马妮菊律师，西安石油大学法学学士，陕西云德律师事务所公司法律顾问事务部执业律师，擅长合同纠纷、侵权纠纷、劳动争议、婚姻家事纠纷、刑事辩护等。联系电话：15353703757

Ma Niju,a practicing lawyer in the legal consulting department of Shaanxi Yunde Law Firm, graduated from Xi'an Petroleum University, specializing in contract disputes, tort disputes, labor disputes, marriage and family disputes, and criminal defense. Contact number: 15353703757