【线上云德】疫情期间律师说（一百零六）┃机动车融资租赁中发生交通事故责任主体的认定

融资租赁合同不同于普通的使用租赁合同。依据《合同法》第237条的规定，融资租赁是指出租人根据承租人对出卖人、租赁物的选择，向出卖人购买租赁物，提供给承租人使用，由承租人支付租金。

Finance lease contract is different from ordinary use lease contract. According to Article 237 of the Contract Law, finance lease means that the lessor buys the lease item from the seller according to the lessee's choice of the seller and the lease item, and provides the lease item to the lessee for use, and the lessee pays the rent.

《合同法》第246条规定:承租人占有租赁物期间，租赁物造成第三人的人身伤害或者财产损害的，出租人不承担责任。因此，在机动车的融资租赁中，承租人应就机动车致他人之损害承担赔偿责任。具体分析原因有两点：

其一：出租人向承租人所收取的租金并非承租人使用租赁物的对价，而是出租人为购买租赁物所付出的成本及合理利润的分期偿还。因此在机动车融资租赁中，出租人虽然是机动车的所有人，但是却不对该机动车的运行享有利益。

其二，融资租赁中出租人对于承租人所接受的租赁物的质量难以掌握，承租人在安装、保管或使用租赁物时，出租人更是难以控制，依照《合同法》第245条和第247条的规定出租人只是负有保证承租人对租赁物的占有和使用的义务。承租人应当妥善保管、使用租赁物，并履行占有租赁物期间的维修义务。所以对于承租人因对租赁物的保管、使用或者维护不当导致的对第三人的损害，自然不应当由出租人承担责任。

Article 246 of the Contract Law stipulates that the lessor shall not be liable for personal injury or property damage. Therefore, in the finance lease of a motor vehicle, the lessee shall be liable for the damage caused by the motor vehicle to others. There are two specific reasons for this analysis:

First, the rent charged by the lessor to the lessee is not the consideration of the lessee using the lease item, but the amortization of the cost and reasonable profit paid by the lessee for the purchase of the lease item. Therefore, in the finance lease of motor vehicles, the lessor, although the owner of the motor vehicle, does not enjoy the benefits of the operation of the motor vehicle.

Second, financing lease is accepted by the lessor to the lessee the lease item in the quality is difficult to grasp, the lessee in the installation, storage, or use the lease item, the lessor is more difficult to control, in accordance with the provisions of article 247 of the "contract law" the 245th and the lessor is responsible for the guarantee of possession and use of the obligation of the lessee the lease item. The lessee shall properly keep and use the lease item and perform the obligations of maintenance and repair during the period in which the lease item was in ancient ownership. Therefore, the lessor shall not be liable for any damage to a third party caused by the lessee's improper storage, use or maintenance of the lease item.