【线上云德】疫情期间律师说（五十三）|隐名出资情形下，股东资格如何认定?

隐名股东是与挂名股东相伴而生的，挂名股东也叫名义股东。隐名股东是指为了一定的目的或出于某种原因，在有限责任公司中实际出资认购公司股权却没有被记载于公司章程、股东名册以及工商登记材料中的自然人或法人，即以他人名义来实施出资或认购行为的人。隐名股东虽然向公司实际投资，但在公司意程、股东名册和工商登记等公示文件中却将出资人记载为他人。作为挂名股东，实际上不履行出资的义务，也不参与公司的管理，实际出资人在幕后指挥。个别情况下挂名股东参与公司的管理，但要把其分到的股息红利转给实际出资人，这样就非常容易产生实际出资人和名义出资从之间的冲突。隐名股东如果想要转让股权，必须先确认其股东资格。

Hidden shareholders are accompanied by nominal shareholders, nominalshareholders are also called nominal shareholders. Implicit Shareholder refersto the person or legal person who, for a certain purpose or for some reason,actually subscribing for the company's equity in a limited liability companybut is not listed in the articles of association, the list of shareholders andthe materials of industrial and commercial registration, that is, the personwho makes the investment or subscribing in the name of others. Although thehidden shareholders actually invest in the company, they record the investorsas others in the public documents such as the company's agenda, the list ofshareholders and the industrial and commercial registration. As a nominalshareholder, actually do not perform the obligation of capital contribution,also do not participate in the management of the company, the actual investorin the behind-the-scenes command. In some cases, the nominal shareholdersparticipate in the management of the company, but they should transfer thedividends to the actual investors, so it is very easy to produce conflictsbetween the actual investors and the nominal investors. Anonymous shareholderswho want to transfer equity must first confirm their eligibility asshareholders.

当事人向人民法院起诉请求确认其股东资格的，应当以公司为被告，与案件争议股权有利害关系的人作为第三人参加诉讼。当事人之间对股权归属发生争议，一方请求人民法院确认其享有股权的，应当证明以下事实之一：(一)已经依法向公司出资或者认缴出资，且不违反法律法规强制性规定;(二)已经受让或者以其他形式继受公司股权，且不违反法律法规强制性规定。当事人依法履行出资义务或者依法继受取得股权后，公司未根据公司法第三十一条、第三十二条的规定签发出资证明书、记载于股东名册并办理公司登记机关登记，当事人请求公司履行上述义务的，人民法院应予支持。

Where a party files a lawsuit with the people's court forconfirmation of its shareholder qualification, the company shall be thedefendant and the person who has an interest in the equity in dispute shallparticipate in the lawsuit as a third party. If there is a dispute between theparties over the ownership of the equity, and one party requests the people'scourt to confirm that it enjoys the equity, it shall prove one of the followingfacts: the company's equity has been transferred or inherited in other forms,and it does not violate the mandatory provisions of laws and regulations. Wherethe party concerned requests the company to perform the above-mentionedobligations, the people's court shall support it if the company fails to issuea capital contribution certificate, record it on the list of shareholders andregister it with the company registration authority in accordance with article31 and article 32 of the company law after performing the capital contributionobligation or after acquiring the equity according to law.