【线上云德】疫情期间律师说（一百八十七）┃关于患者知情同意权的法律问题

某甲在医院做手术，医院做没有告知某甲手术可能产生很严重的后遗症的情况下给某甲做了手术，某甲如果知道有很大风险，肯定会采取其他治疗方式，但现在为时已晚，某甲能以医院侵害了自己的知情同意权，找医院索赔？

A certain A was performing an operation in a hospital, and the hospital performed an operation on a certain A without telling the certain that the operation might produce very serious sequelae. If a certain A knows that there is a great risk, he will definitely adopt other treatment methods, but now is the time It's too late. Can someone use the hospital to infringe his right of informed consent and seek compensation from the hospital?

知情同意权由知情权和同意权两个密切相连的权利组成，知情权是同意权得以存在的前提和基础，同意权又是知情权的价值体现，强调患者的知情同意权，主要目的在于通过赋予医疗机构及其医务人员相应的告知义务，使患者在了解自己将面临的风险、付出的代价和可能取得的收益的基础上自由作出选择，从而维护患者的利益，改变患者相对弱势地位。

根据《民法典》第1219条规定了患者知情同意权，即：医务人员在诊疗活动中应当向患者说明病情和医疗措施。需要实施手术、特殊检查、特殊治疗的，医务人员应当及时向患者具体说明医疗风险、替代医疗方案等情况，并取得其明确同意；不能或者不宜向患者说明的，应当向患者的近亲属说明，并取得其明确同意。医务人员未尽到欠款义务，造成患者损害的，医疗机构应当承担赔偿责任。

The right of informed consent consists of two closely related rights: the right to know and the right to consent. The right to know is the prerequisite and basis for the existence of the right of consent. The right of consent is also the value of the right to know. The patient’s right to informed consent is emphasized and the main purpose is to pass Give medical institutions and their medical staff corresponding notification obligations, so that patients can freely make choices on the basis of knowing the risks they will face, the price they will pay, and the benefits they may obtain, thereby safeguarding the interests of patients and changing their relative disadvantaged status.

According to Article 1219 of the "Civil Code", the patient's right to informed consent is stipulated, that is, medical personnel shall explain the condition and medical measures to the patient during the diagnosis and treatment activities. If surgery, special examinations, and special treatments are required, medical personnel shall promptly explain the medical risks, alternative medical plans, etc. to the patient, and obtain their explicit consent; if it is impossible or inappropriate to explain to the patient, they shall explain to the patient’s close relatives. And obtain its explicit consent. If the medical staff fails to fulfill the debt obligations and causes harm to the patient, the medical institution shall be liable for compensation.

根据《民法典》的规定，医务人员在诊疗活动中应当向患者履行告知病情和医疗措施的义务，同时还需就向患者或者其亲属告知医疗风险，并取得其明确同意。医院未告知某甲手术可能造成的严重后果，的确没有保障某甲的知情权，向某甲解释手术可能产生的后遗症，并获得某甲的同意，侵害了某甲的同意权，医院给某甲造成的损失应承担相应的赔偿责任。

According to the "Civil Code", medical personnel shall perform the obligation to inform patients of the condition and medical measures during diagnosis and treatment activities. At the same time, they must also inform patients or their relatives of medical risks and obtain their explicit consent. The hospital did not inform the patient of the possible serious consequences of certain A’s operation, and indeed did not protect certain The losses caused shall bear the corresponding compensation liability.