【线上云德】疫情期间律师说（八）|疫情当下民生类服务企业存在的热点法律问题

疫无情，人有情，本次新型冠状病毒肺炎爆发期间国家各个部门针对疫情突发状况出台了一系列政策和文件，其中就有关于民生类服务企业的相关政策文件，其中也引发了民众关注的一系列民生法律问题。2020年2月19日上午10点在YY平台，由特许经营法律事务部首席律师董伟就针对本次疫情影响民生服务类企业的一些法律热点问题进行了剖析，以供水、供电特许经营类企业为例展开，并现场连线了杨凌水务有限公司及阎良供电公司的工作人员进行探讨，为大家详细解读了这类热点问题。

During the outbreak of the New Coronavirus Pneumonia, various departments of the state issued a series of policies and documents in response to the outbreak, including relevant policy documents on livelihood service enterprises, which also triggered a series of legal issues concerning people's livelihood. 10 o 'clock in the morning of February 19, 2020 in YY platform, by franchising legal affairs chief lawyer Dong is aimed at the outbreak affect the livelihood of the people some legal issues in a service industry, water supply, power supply franchise companies, for example, and live the Yangling water co., LTD and discusses the Yan Liang electric power supply company staff, detailed interpretation of this kind of hot issues for everyone.

从供电行业来看，国家电网于2020年1月27日发布了“支持疫情防控及供电服务保障十项举措”这一通知文件，其中第五条和第八条分别指出：“五、全力确保民生用电，疫情防控期间，居民用电客户采取欠费不停电措施”“八、全力做好城乡居民供电保障服务。加大营业网点、自助设备消毒频次。引导客户线上办理电费缴纳、电费查询、故障报修等业务，确保95598电话、网上国网7×24小时不间断服务，让客户足不出户办理业务。加强抢修力量配置，确保抢修工作及时高效”。于此同时，国家水利部亦发布了《水利部机关新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情防控工作方案》这一文件来保障城乡各居民在居家隔离期间的用水供应。

From the point of power industry, the state grid on January 27, 2020, issued a "Ten Measures support the epidemic prevention and control and power supply service guarantee" , the article 5 and article 8 respectively pointed out: "Five, as well as fully ensure the livelihood of the people, the epidemic prevention and control during the residential electricity customers owe no power measures" "Eight, efforts to increase urban and rural residents power supply security services. Increase the frequency of disinfection of business outlets and self-service equipment. Guide customers to deal with electricity fee payment, electricity fee inquiry, fault repair and other businesses online, to ensure that the 95598 telephone, online state network 7×24 uninterrupted service, so that customers do not leave home for business. Strengthen the allocation of emergency repair forces to ensure timely and efficient emergency repair work. At the same time, the ministry of water resources issued the work plan on prevention and control of pneumonia caused by the New Coronavirus Pneumonia infection by the ministry of water resources to ensure the water supply of urban and rural residents during the period of home quarantine.

这里不得不提的就是鉴于本次疫情影响，居民的用水、用电就成了居家隔离期间最重要的生活保障，而大范围、大幅度的供水、供电也必然会导致一些线路、管道老化、陈旧的居民小区发生供水、供电设施面临抢修、维护的问题，那么问题来了“疫情期间对于用水人、用电人用水、用电期间发生线路、管道故障导致，供方企业应如何承担维修义务？”

Mention that, residents of water and electricity became home quarantine period is the most important life safeguard, and a wide range, large water supply, power supply also will inevitably lead to some lines, pipeline aging, old residential areas in water supply, power supply facilities by the problem of repair, maintenance, then the problem to the "For water during the outbreak occurs during the water, electricity, the power line, pipe failure, the supplier how enterprise should undertake the obligation to repair?"

这里，我们需要了解的法律小知识就是关于我们用水方、用电方和供水、供电方的供水、电设施产权分界及维护责任的一个划分问题。

根据电力工业部令第8号《供电营业规则》第四十七条的规定：“供电设施的运行维护管理范围，按产权归属确定。责任分界点按下列各项确定：1.公用低压线路供电的，以供电接户线用户端最后支持物为分界点，支持物属供电企业。

2.10千伏及以下公用高压线路供电的，以用户厂界外或配电室前的第一断路器或第一支持物为分界点，第一断路器或第一支持物属供电企业。3.35千伏及以上公用高压线路供电的，以用户厂界外或用户变电站外第一基电杆为分界点，第一基电杆属供电企业。4.采用电缆供电的，本着便于维护管理的原则，分界点由供电企业与用户协商确定。5.产权属于用户且由用户运行维护的线路，以公用线路分支杆或专用线路接引的公用变电站外第一基电杆为分界点，专用线路第一基电杆属用户。在电气上的具体分界点，由供用双方协商确定。”由此可知，我们居民用户的供电设施的维护是要区分责任分界点的，按照供电电压的类型确定维护责任分界点。

Here, the little bit of legal knowledge we need to know is about the division of property rights and maintenance responsibilities between our water and electricity users and our water and electricity suppliers.

According to article 47 of the power supply operation rules, order no. 8 of the ministry of electric power industry: "the scope of operation, maintenance and management of power supply facilities shall be determined according to the ownership of property rights. The cut-off point of responsibility shall be determined according to the following items: 1.   In case of public low-voltage line power supply, the cut-off point shall be the last support at the client end of the power supply connection line, and the support shall belong to the power supply enterprise.2. 10 where power is supplied by public high-voltage lines at or below kv, the cut-off point shall be the first circuit breaker or first support outside the boundary of the customer plant or in front of the distribution room. The first circuit breaker or first support shall be a power supply enterprise. 3. 35for power supply of public high-voltage lines at or above kv, the cut-off point shall be the first base pole outside the boundary of the customer plant or outside the customer substation. The first base pole shall belong to the power supply enterprise. 4. In case of cable power supply, the dividing point shall be determined by the power supply enterprise through consultation with the user in line with the principle of easy maintenance and management. 5. The property right belongs to the line operated and maintained by the user, and the first base pole outside the public substation connected by the branch pole of the public line or the special line is the cut-off point. The first base pole of the special line belongs to the user. The specific electrical cut-off point shall be determined by the parties through negotiation." It can be seen from this that the maintenance of power supply facilities of our resident users should distinguish the responsibility cut-off point and determine the maintenance responsibility cut-off point according to the type of power supply voltage.

    同时，根据《陕西省城乡供水用水条例》 第二十条的规定：“城镇公共供水设施，以总水表结算的，总水表及总水表水源侧的供水设施归供水单位所有，总水表用户侧的供水设施归用水户所有;以户表结算的，总阀门及总阀门水源侧的供水设施，归供水单位所有，总阀门至户表的供水设施，归用水户共有，户表和户表用户侧的供水设施归用水户所有。

乡村集中供水设施，户表水源侧的供水设施，归投资者所有;户表和户表用户侧的供水设施归用水户所有。供水设施由产权人或者管理者负责管理维修。用水户共有的供水设施，经验收合格后，可以委托供水单位统一管理。”，由此可知，居民供水设施的维护责任主要是以总水表和分户水表为产权分界点来确定维护责任的。

    以上法律小知识大家了解了吗，如果以后出现此类问题的时候大家应该知道何时找物业、何时找供电局、供水公司了吧！

At the same time, according to article 20 of the regulations of Shaanxi Province on urban and rural water supply: "If urban public water supply facilities are settled by the main water meter, the main water meter and the water supply facilities at the source side of the main water meter shall be owned by the water supply unit, and the water supply facilities at the user side of the main water meter shall be owned by the water user; If the settlement is based on the household table, the main valve and the water supply facilities at the source side of the main valve shall be owned by the water supply unit; the water supply facilities at the main valve to the household table shall be owned by the rooms; the water supply facilities at the household table and the user side of the household table shall be owned by the rooms.

The centralized water supply facilities in rural areas and the water supply facilities at the water source side of the household surface shall be owned by the investor; The water supply facilities on the household table and the user side of the household table are owned by the user. Water supply facilities shall be managed and maintained by the owner or manager. The water supply facilities common to all water users may be entrusted to a water supply unit for unified management after they have been accepted as qualified." It can be seen from this that the maintenance responsibility of residential water supply facilities is mainly determined by taking the main water meter and household water meter as the property right demarcation points.

Above legal small knowledge everybody understands, if appear in the future when this kind of problem everybody should know when to look for property, when to look for power supply bureau, water supply company!