【线上云德】疫情期间律师说（一百四十一）┃解读《中华人民共和国民法典》之总则编（上）

民法典总则篇相较于民法总则变动较少，对一些标点符号、连词、天数的修改，更加体现出民法典之严谨、细致。其中，增加最重要的一条款是第三十四条第四款：因发生突发事件等紧急情况，监护人暂时无法履行监护职责，被监护人的生活处于无人照料状态的，被监护人住所地的居民委员会、村民委员会或者民政部门应当为被监护人安排必要的临时生活照料措施。

Compared with the general provisions of the civil code, the general provisions of the civil Code have less changes. The revision of some punctuation marks, conjunctions and days reflects the preciseness and meticulousness of the civil code. Among them, the increase is one of the most important terms in paragraph 4, article 34: due to the sudden events such as emergency, temporarily unable to fulfill their duties of guardianship and guardian ward in unattended condition of life, is the guardian of the residents committees and villagers' committee or the civil affairs department shall arrange necessary temporary living for ward care measures.

新增第四款，规定紧急情况下监护人无法履行监护职责时，特定的组织应当为被监护人安排必要的生活照料措施，解决被监护人因监护人患病、隔离、死亡而处于无人照料状态时的生活保障问题。今年疫情期间发生一件令人痛心的事情，湖北红安县一家人疑似感染新冠肺炎被隔离，而导致17岁脑瘫儿无人照料去世。为防止类似事件发生，我国民法典新增三十四条第四款，强制居民委员会、村民委员会或者民政部门给予被监护人照顾，充分体现了立法上的人文关怀。但是关于村委会、居委会、民政部门如何安排必要的生活照料措施、如何承担责任并未作出明确约定，后期可能会通过出台司法解释来完善民法典的适用。

The new fourth paragraph stipulates that when the guardian is unable to perform his duty of guardianship in an emergency, the specific organization shall arrange necessary living care measures for the ward, so as to solve the problem of the life security of the ward when the ward is left uncared for due to illness, isolation or death of the guardian. During the epidemic this year, a tragic incident occurred when a family suspected of having COVID-19 was quarantined in Hongan County, Hubei Province, leading to the unattended death of a 17-year-old child with cerebral palsy. In order to prevent the occurrence of similar incidents, article 34 (4) of China's civil Code is newly added to force the residents' committee, villagers' committee or civil affairs department to take care of the wards, which fully embodies the humanistic care in legislation. However, no clear agreement has been made on how the village committee, residence committee and civil affairs department arrange necessary living care measures and how to assume responsibilities. Later, judicial interpretation may be issued to improve the application of the civil code.

法条是冰冷的，但它背后所蕴含的人文关怀是炽热的。